What you could do is reuse the DynamicTypeDescriptor class described in my answer to this question here on SO: PropertyGrid Browsable not found for entity framework created property, how to find it?

like this:

  ...
  MyDynamicClass c = new MyDynamicClass();
  c.MyStaticProperty = "hello";

  // build an object "type" from the original one
  DynamicTypeDescriptor dt = new DynamicTypeDescriptor(typeof(MyDynamicClass));

  // get a wrapped instance
  DynamicTypeDescriptor c2 = dt.FromComponent(c);

  // add a property named "MyDynamicProperty" of Int32 type, initial value is 1234
  c2.Properties.Add(new DynamicTypeDescriptor.DynamicProperty(dt, typeof(int), 1234, "MyDynamicProperty", null));

  propertyGrid1.SelectedObject = c2;
  ...

  // the class you want to "modify"
  public class MyDynamicClass
  {
      public string MyStaticProperty { get; set; }
  }